Essay on The Marxist Crime Perspective of Conflict Theory

Introduction Countless studies from respected sociologists, criminologists, and psychologists have suggested several theories as to why juvenile delinquency exists. The theory this paper uses to explain for juvenile delinquency is the Marxist perspective of the Conflict Theory. What this paper seeks to achieve is to show how this theory is conceptualized, how it causes juvenile delinquency particularly for African Americans, statistics on African American juveniles, and why it could lead to a life of crime as juveniles transition into adulthood. In addition to this, the government will be examined on how it uses the legal system, law enforcement, and certain officials to control most of the population and contribute to this problem.†¦show more content†¦According to Onwudiwe (2004), coercive forces against lower class workers on their jobs causes negative effects such as stress, anger, and contempt which they bring back at home and ultimately affects their families, thus leading to juven ile delinquency. Jobs are the means of the working class to acquire the basic necessary resources to survive such as food, water, and shelter for their families. According to Quinney (1977), when the lower classes are unable to earn an honest day’s work or lose their job, after a period of time, they finally break down from all this pressure and resort to crime, to support themself and their loved ones. Children seeing the struggles of their parents then follow in their footsteps leading to juvenile delinquency and later as adults, become more susceptible to crime. Allen, Latessa, and Ponder (2010) theorize that a juvenile delinquent is a child that has committed a criminal act that if committed by an adult would be punished. The child’s behavior, under the law, would subject those children to the juvenile court and become a ward of the court, subject to its discretion. Allen et al (2010) propose that there were three categories of juveniles which are: status offenders who are offenders that violated some regulation which an adult would not be punished for; children who committed crimes who would be punished if an adult had committed them; and finally unruly juveniles who have proved unmanageable by the family or courtShow MoreRelatedFunctionalism and Marxism: Sociological Perspectives Essay670 Words   |  3 PagesSociological Concepts and Perspectives: Functionalism and Marxism In this essay I am going to compare and contrast Functionalism and Marxism. They are both sociological perspectives which have theories about society and the people that live within it. They attempt to explain how society influences people, and similarly how people influence society. However, the two perspectives are clearly different. Functionalism is a macro system theory which sees society as a mega structure of linked socialRead MoreEvaluate the usefulness of Marxist theory to our understanding of crime and deviance1201 Words   |  5 PagesEvaluate the usefulness of Marxist theory to our understanding of crime and deviance (40 marks) Synopticity - Crime Deviance sociological theory Marxist explanations of crime and deviance, like their work on other areas like the family and education, rest on an economic and structural analysis of society that sees a class struggle between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie. This struggle comprises the attempts by the proletariat to free themselves from the domination of the bourgeoisieRead MoreCompare and contrast two main sociological theories of crime and deviance.1636 Words   |  7 Pagesmain sociological theories of crime and deviance. Deviance and crime are wide-ranging terms used by sociologists to refer to behavior that varies, in some way, from a social norm.  Cultural Norms are societys propensity towards certain ideals; their aversion from others; and their standard, ritualistic practices. Essentially the norm is a summation of typical activities and beliefs of group of people.  This essay will evaluate the sociological theories associated with crime and deviance and toRead MoreKarl Marx s Theory Of Crime And Deviance1696 Words   |  7 Pagescentury and was one of the first to develop and explain a conflict perspective on how society functions, he was a liberal reformist who had more radical views about the origins of crime and deviance. He became popular in the US and UK during the 1970’s. Like many radical criminologists, he developed the perspective of the conflict theory that explained how some social interactions result in to conflict and how individuals engage in conflict daily to gain mor e social wealth and resources. As some groupsRead MoreMarxist And Conflict Theories Of Deviance Essay1580 Words   |  7 PagesMarxist and Conflict Theories of Deviance The theorists discussed in this chapter surroung Marxist and conflict theories do not always agree on all the views of their theories, they come from the same social constructionist or relativist perspective. Social construction is referred to as a theory of knowledge in sociology and communications theory that examines the development of cooperatively constructed understandings of the world. There are two general ways in which theories differ from eachRead MoreW.E.B Dubois’ Theory on the â€Å"Double Consciousness† Conflict/Radical Marxist Theory as It Applies to the Novel – a Lesson Before Dying1462 Words   |  6 PagesLIT 327 W.E.B DuBois’ Theory on the â€Å"Double Consciousness† Conflict/Radical Marxist Theory as it applies to the Novel – A Lesson Before Dying DuBois’ theory on the â€Å"Double Consciousness† states, â€Å"After the Egyptian and Indian, the Greek and Roman, the Teuton and Mongolian, the Negro is a sort of seventh son, born with a veil, and gifted with second-sight in this American world,--a world which yields him no true self-consciousness, but only lets him see himself through the revelation of theRead MoreCrime And Deviance Essay1649 Words   |  7 PagesCrime can be defined as ‘An action or omission which constitutes an offence and is punishable by law’ (Oxford Dictionary, 2017). It’s the violation of a written law that is set by society and is known as ‘committing a crime’. Deviance is defined as ‘the fact or state of diverging from usual accepted standards, especially in social or sexual behaviour’ (Oxford Dictionaries, 2017). To be deviant would be to perform an act that strays from the normal behaviours, or â€Å"norms† of any given society. ThereRead MoreCriminology1427 Words   |  6 Pagesto demonstrate your knowledge of and a familiarity with the theory/perspective and the second requires you to demonstrate an understanding of its application (in either policy or practice) and the impact of its application. i)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Briefly identify the main features and concepts of radical criminology. ii)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Critically discuss the ways in which the various radical perspectives challenge existing ideas about crime and justice. Radical criminology made its appearance onRead MoreCritical Theories Of Criminology903 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscuss conflict criminology, radical criminology, peacemaking criminology, and postmodern criminology providing a comparison as well as a contrast to each. Discussion There are several theories developing critical theories of criminology, the first discussed in this paper will be conflict theory (Bohm Vogel, 2011). The conflict theory is the inequality of competing groups, moreover, the different social statuses of individuals. This theory compares the differences in white collar crime to theRead MoreSociology Is The Study Of Individuals In Groups In A Systematic Way1611 Words   |  7 Pagessociological perspectives that hold valued theories in society. In this essay three perspectives will be assessed. How society operates in the view of these perspectives. Also, scrutinizing theories on the subject ‘crime and deviance’ aiming to outline how each perspective grasps the matter. Before one can observe society, one needs to take into account the ways in which it can be viewed. Perspectives that focus on social systems, are known as macro perspectives. Alternatively, the micro perspective, focuses

Essay about Cooperating and Communicating Across Cultures

Cooperating and Communicating across Cultures Daryl Roscoe Grantham University Professor Fail 02 January 2013 Abstract: This comprehensive case covers essential aspects and facets of cross-cultural co-operation and communication. These are illustrated through the fictitious depiction of a project carried out between Americans and Germans. More specifically, two situations will be presented: (1) an American working on a team, which is dominated by Germans (and their way of co-operating and communicating); and (2) the other way around, a German working on a team dominated by Americans. The difficulties, problems and misunderstandings both sides are facing are particularly stressed.†¦show more content†¦When trying to do so in Germany, the same person was met with shock, disbelief, and a clear message that he could be put in jail for such an action. Action-orientation versus attention to detail lead to the topics of creativity and innovation, which were on the mind of all Americans and were mentioned as a significant difference by some of the Germans as well. My American colleagues and I keep a list of creativity killers, said a dearly frustrated American-trained engineer working in Stuttgart. I often hear: No, this wont work; weve tried this before, and here is my favorite one: Things are different in the US. He reported a resistance to alternatives, a box-like thinking, an unwillingness to just talk about a subject if unprepared and a general risk aversion in the culture. How to communicate with the Germans, particularly the Americans, mentioned it by talking about different approaches to teamwork in the two cultures. In general, they reported less interaction with colleagues in the German work environment and said more independence was expected in Germany. You are done with it. It is now someone elses responsibility. He considered this procedure inefficient. Most people believe that they know what a team is and how it works. Management often feels frustrated that in spite of putting very competent people in a group, theShow MoreRelatedThe Nursing Facility Care For Medi caid And Medicaid System Administrators Essay1402 Words   |  6 Pagesdemonstrate their professional competence and caring attitude. Anticipates needs and responds with timely effective action. High performers thinks low performing employees want to divert other employees from supporting the development of a high performance culture within the department but with middle performers and if we encourage them to grow, we are creating a wider gap between them and the low performers. High performers know specifically why they been valued and what are their contribution. These employeesRead MoreManagement Is The Process Of Managing A Business Through People809 Words   |  4 Pagesworkers across the globe (Lee 2012). In a recent study, some researchers have surveyed about 30 MNCs in Asia, and they have reported the using of the distributed teams in remote areas has increased by 75% in the past two years; whereas, managers who work overseas has risen by 69% (Lee 2012). A decade ago, thi s greatly reshaped, as it was typical for the senior employees to report their works abroad. Thus, these changes have led to advantages as well as difficulties. The benefit of cooperating withRead MoreLeadership As A Unifying Direction For Organizational, Situational, And Mission Demands1132 Words   |  5 Pagesofficers and junior officers, such that there will be flexibility to share and communicate concerns affecting the unit. The completion of the initial organizational level vision should set the stage for communi-cating the vision . This will include communicating the justification of continued deployment or staying at work for longer hours. Necessary adjustments should also be incorporated to ensure time is created to provide breaks as necessary. For example, allowing Soldiers to go home early when timeRead MoreCharles Darwin : Explaining Emotion Through Evolution1526 Words   |  7 Pagesa crucial role in our survival. Emotions allow us to feel love and compassion with the end result being reproduction. The emotion of fear urges us to avoid threats and danger. It is also the demonstration of these emotions that assist us in communicating our needs or intentions. As Darwin put it â€Å"...emotional displays serve the important function of informing other organisms about an individual’s internal state† (Hockenbury Hockenbury, 2014). For an example a rattlesnake in a state of anxiety Read MoreCushy Armchair Essay1380 Words   |  6 PagesGlinow). Pg. 316) â€Å"One problem is that email is an ineffective method of communicating emotions, a second problem is that email seems to reduce our politeness and respect for others. Third, is that email s an inefficient medium for in ambiguous, complex and novel situations†. There is no doubt that the situation was both ambiguous and novel, due to the fact that people from 15 different countries and many different cultures were the recipients of the message. Root Cause There are other factorsRead MoreEssay about The Internet1218 Words   |  5 Pagessurvival. I have learned that technology plays a huge role in every person’s life. The use of technology today has helped make life a little bit simpler and has changed our way of thinking. For instance, the Internet is a highly effective tool for communicating, for gathering information and for cooperation between dispersed locations. It has â€Å"negated the limitations of physical presence† (Shields 5). There is continuous development and improvement. 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Alexander (director of NSA) also said that â€Å"If the surveillance programs had been in place before the Sept. 11 attacks, the United States would have known that hijacker Khalid Muhammad Abdallah al-Mihdhar was in San Diego and communicating with a known Al-Qaeda safe house in Yemen† (The Washington Post, NSA head: Surveillance has thwart more than 50 terror plots). IT shows that NSA had a lot of information about the 9-11 attack but I am shock at why this was not considered a bitRead Morecross-culture3416 Words   |  14 Pagesauthor identifies and discusses opportunities that are likely to emerge from the relationship between this company and its business associates in the three countries. Cooperating with business associates in China would enable the company’s management to use a centralized decision making strategy because employees within this culture are used to following orders and implementing decisions that have been made by higher authorities. 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Cloning Essay Research Paper In today s free essay sample

Cloning Essay, Research Paper In today s society it seems as if anything can be accomplished through engineering. Though most promotions are being made to assist remedy and attention for ill and handicapped people, many believe that scientist have gone to far and are playing the function of God. One of the most asked inquiries today is the theory of cloning a human being. Technology and scientific discipline have practically made this thought a world ; nevertheless, many disagree about the moralss of cloning. Is cloning merely another agencies of reproduction or is science ignoring the natural order of Gods creative activity. In the concluding analysis, human cloning is incorrect because of the negative effects it will hold in today s society and the danger it will bring down on worlds. When inquiries about human cloning arise, people are over flowed with thoughts of how it could lend or profit themselves and their hereafter. Would it let them to populate longer? Could it give hope to those unable to bare offspring of course? Could it open window to human viruses, which would let for medical specialties to handle incurable diseases, such as Aidss and the Ebola Virus? What could cloning really make? Scientist program to utilize cloning for medical intents along for a simple agencies of reproduction. Researchers besides intend to clone grownup human cells that will do it possible to turn new Black Marias and livers and nervus cells ( Gibbs 49 ) . If this were so, so it would most probably be possible to change the genetic sciences of a individual all together. Jeanna DuPrau provinces, Most of us would be happy if our parents had created us by a familial heritage free of malignant neoplastic disease, bosom disease, and progressive neurological disease ( 68-69 ) . Cloning could reply the inquiries to so many enigmas that plague scientist today. And with replies, cloning brings hope to those enduring from las ting unwellnesss, and would give rise to bigger and better communities. Over the past decennary, more and more twosomes have found themselves impotent and unable to bear kids of course. Cloning could, for illustration ; give hope to person who is sterile because of malignant neoplastic disease therapy [ and ] wants to hold a babe through cloning ( Gibbs 48 ) . This option would enable households to hold kids without holding to travel through the really delivering procedure. Yet these are still theories, cloning can still be used as a possible and major option for consideration. Though cloning new wave be fundamentally created around the medical universe ; its intent doesn T halt at that place. Society takes this thought in and creates a whole new genre of subjects that they could profit from. Cloning is thought to give rise to human improvement and in bettering. Humanity should be in control of its ain fate, says DuPrau ( 74 ) . See being able to clone the most first-class specimens of humanity. . .then the figure of first-class people would increase, and in the long tally, the human race would be improved ( DuPrau 61 ) . With this being true, people feel that their hereafter of being successful is inevitable. They will be able to find precisely what they want in their kids and have them created to their every desire and liking. With the coming familial revolution, we will be directing our ain development instead than trusting on a natural ( and sometimes black ) lottery to make it for us, states Jonathan Colvin ( 2 ) . With all the possibilities available, cloning is about a foreordained impression that is on the brink of going world ; nevertheless, there is much contention on the topic of human cloning. DePrau feels that some via media has to be reached between those who say human cloning must neer go on, because it is immoral, and those who say human cloning must go on because its benefits out weigh its dangers ( 75 ) . Though there are many possible benefits, there are far more who disagree with the idea of human cloning and holding engineering produce future man-kind. If human cloning became possible, the societal and economic criterions pressed upon the people of our universe would go unapproachable. To make a ringer it will be fewer than 1 million dollars ( DuPrau 62 ) This hideous figure would be excessively amazing for anyone of normal income to afford. Due to this fact, differences between rich and hapless could become so great that worlds will literally be transformed into more than one species ( DePrau 63 ) . Therefore this capableness will be limited to affluent people and in this state affluent people are likely to be white ( 62 ) . With this being true, our universe will once once more be put into a type of segregation epoch were people are forced to be separated over something that they have no control over. Population as a whole will go a game for engineering and scientific discipline to play with and it will finally convey us down alternatively more advanced. We will go merchandises of the same types and individualism will barely be. Colvin states that. . .by extinguishing the commixture of cistrons that occur during conventional reproduction, human biodiversity will be diminished and human development will discontinue ( 2 ) . We would be decreasing the natural procedure of reproduction and by that diminishing our features as different people. With a population such as this there comes certain outlooks that are to be met. Lifes will get down being created, as merchandises alternatively of a construct of love between two people. Human existences should be created for their ain interest, neer for person else # 8217 ; s aim ( DuPrau 70 ) . Many times these kids may be created merely to fulfill the desire to live over a past clip or to take the topographic point of a lost loved one. What a load for those kids, to cognize that their parents were endeavoring to re-create themselves or person deceased ( Arnst 1 ) . That kid will experience obligated to be a individual he or she is non prepared to be or may non even want to be ; nevertheless, he or she will be born with certain outlooks. The kid may experience these outlooks as force per unit area. He dark feel that he doesn Ts have the freedom to be what he wants to be ( DuPrau 65 ) . To make a kid and imperativeness such outlooks on him or her is all together unethical. A kid should be brought into the universe out of love and marriage, non for 1s ain personal intent or desire. If a the kid is brought into the universe for this intent, imperfectnesss and all, so the kid is hence ever a gift-one like them who springs from their embracing, non being whom they have made and whose fate they should find ( OConner 24 ) .

Process Of Planning The Advertising Campaign free essay sample

The campaign planning is the joint effort of both the advertiser and his ad Agency. The advertiser supplies much information about the product, the channel of distribution, competition the product, and the firm. The agency may collect other information from the market, in respect of target audience etc. Advertising campaign planning simply means planning the advertising campaign. Advertising campaign planning concerns many people in the advertising agency, but mainly concerns the advertising manager (for the client), account executive, marketing manager, creative director, media planner, and PR manager. They design and plan advertising campaign for the client. Steps in Advertising Campaign Planning : The main steps in advertising campaign planning are as follows : 1. Prototype Stage : Let us assume that a manufacturer has the prototype of a new product. The basic product has been thoroughly tested, but the packaging has not been determined, it has no name, no price, and perhaps no defined market. We will write a custom essay sample on Process Of Planning The Advertising Campaign or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In some respects this seems to contradict modern marketing principles. This situation is not uncommon. The company now wish to advertise its new product and appoints an advertising agency and calls it to explore the possibilities to promote the sales. 2. Initial Briefing by Client : The most likely procedure is for the managing director to ask his advertising manager to fix up a meeting with the account executive of the advertising agency. This first meeting may be held at the factory, at the company? s head office, or at the advertising agency. Probably the best venue will be where the account executive can see the product and meet the people who have been involved in its development. The factory might be the best place, but much depends on how the company is organized. For this initial discussion, the right choice of venue can be important to the account executive? s clear understanding of the proposition. It can be dangerous for the advertising agency to start off on the wrong foot because of inadequate or faulty interpretation of policy and problems. The need then is for best possible understanding at the beginning. This is the joint responsibility of the advertising manager and the account executive. Contact Report : Whenever a meeting has been held with a client a contact report should be written at once and circulated to all those present at the meeting, with additional copies for others not in attendance who should be informed, both inside the company and inside the agency. The importance of a contact report lies in its confirmation of agreed action, so that nothing depends on people? s memories, and if it is submitted directly after the event it serves to remind of necessary action that must be taken by people present at the meeting. Agreed contact reports, when placed in a file or binder as instructions to proceed, may be referred to as the facts book. Should a dispute occur, reference can be made to the respective contact report: at the end of the year these reports from the basis of a report to the client on the year? s work. 4. Account Executive? s Report to Agency Management : The account executive will also give his superiors the account director and perhaps the agency managing director a verbal report. If new business is coming into the agency it may be necessary to make changes in the deployment of staff, engage extra staff, and consider the use or expansion of equipment and premises. 5. Account Executive? s Briefing to Agency Department Heads : The account executive now writes up a detailed, factual but as far as possible unbiased report on the assignment, setting out his understanding of the product and the client? s requirements. In this report he should try to avoid expressing any personal observations because the object is to inform others whose ideas and opinions are being sought. Each department head is asked to study the report and to attend a plans board meeting. 6. Proposition : At this stage, the account executive invites the managing director of the client company to attend a meeting at which the scheme is presented in report form with a presentation of ideas in rough visual form. At this meeting the client party may consist of the managing director, marketing manager, sales manager and advertising manager and the members of the agency party may include the account director, account executive and the marketing director. Once the scheme is approved and adopted in principle the agency will be instructed to prepare a full visual presentation at the client? s expense. Now, the agency will engage in actual copywriting, photography and drawing. Detailed media scheduling will now be done by the media buyer. 7. Presentation to Client : At this stage the complete campaign is demonstrated to the client. The campaign is presented visually. Advertising campaign planning must be flexible. Moreover, at such a meeting with the client there will be a number of company directors and  executives present who disagree with one another as well as with the agency over what makes an advertising campaign. Everyone likes to argue about advertising! The account executive, supported by the advertising manager in deal circumstances, must sell his campaign on the basis of sales and readership figures of publications, show the results of copy testing, and offer alternative media plans with evidence of the reasoning behind them. Much of the comment and criticism from the client side will often represent arguments which were considered and rejected in the agency much earlier. This has to be expected, accepted courteously and gently dismissed by means by persuasive reasoning and statistics which reveal that the agency has really taken pains to produce not just a clever scheme but one based on businesslike thinking. Once the scheme has been approved, the account executive and his companions will return to the agency, ready to execute the campaign. At this stage when the media start buyers, creative staff, print buying production and traffic takeover, working under the direction of the account executive. 11. 2. 3 Factors Influencing the Planning of an Advertising Campaign. The Organisation its reputation, position in the market. 2. The product e. g. Consumer (Perishable, durable or speciality) goods, or industrial goods etc. 3. The market the nature of customers, their income, their buying behavior, and their location. 4. The competition. 5. The absolute price of the product, Competitor? s price etc. 6. The channels of distribution. 7. The budget, the advertising theme, etc. 8. The media, the advertising schedule etc. 9. The Govt. regulations and controls, restriction on certain products, restriction on certain media to carry out certain ads.